It is the process by which the etiologic factor causes the disease. Pathogenesis of periodontal diseases biological concepts for. J periodontol february 2014 aap centennial commentary. Gingivitis has been classified by clinical appearance eg, ulcerative, hemorrhagic, necrotizing, purulent, etiology eg, druginduced, hormonal, nutritional, infectious, plaqueinduced, and. The last 10 to 15 years have seen the emergence of several important new findings and concepts regarding the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease is the numberone cause of the early loss of teeth in dogs and cats. Beginning with the observation that periodontal diseases are associated with the presence of a bacterial plaque or biofilm, our understanding has evolved to the realization that specific bacterial profiles exist within dental biofilms in association with specific. Baoj dentistry an open access ournal solume 4 ssue 2 042 citation. Periodontal disease is the most frequent cause of tooth loss among adults. Histopathological lesions of periodontal pathogenesis. Essential mechanism to combat the microbial challenge to prevent bacteria and their products from. Periodontal disease periodontitis is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gingiva, bone, and other tissues that support the teeth. We have come to understand that while the etiology of periodontitis is bacteria, the pathogenesis is inflammatory. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pubmed.
These studies are useful for providing prevalence data on a disease, comparing the characteristics of persons with and without disease, and generating hypotheses regarding the etiology of a disease. The etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis revisited. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases request pdf. The human oral cavity harbors a substantial and continuously evolving load of microbial species. Pathogenesis of periodontal disease flashcards quizlet.
Click to see full description etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Click download or read online button to get etiology of periodontal disease book now. Gingival pocket formed by gingival enlargement without destruction of underlying periodontal tissues. Start studying pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is the most common clinical dental abnormality occurring in adult dogs and cats. Request pdf etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease etiology and. An inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganism, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar. The approach to describing pathogenic mechanisms in this paper will, therefore, be in part generic and thus refer to gingivitis and periodontitis rather than to specific disease subforms. In periodontology, the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis are related but tend to be described separately, and although the clinical and histological changes that occur are well known, the details of.
Page 2 of 8 periodontal disease, localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis, other microorganisms have been highlighted, ie. Pathogenesis is the sequence of events leading to the occurrence of a disease. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Etiology of periodontal diseases my dental hygiene education. Pathogenesis of periodontal diseases biological concepts. The two most prevalent and most investigated periodontal diseases are dental. Oct 24, 20 the presence or absence of disease and the characteristics of the members of a population are measured at a point in time. The bacterial spectrum changes from grampositive, nonmobile, anaerobic cocci to anaerobic gramnegative organisms. Periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease those results in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. Subgingival biofilms as etiological factors of periodontal disease. An ebook reader can be a software application for use on a computer such as microsofts free reader application, or a booksized computer this is used solely as a reading device such as nuvomedias rocket ebook. Dumitrescu etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease free ebook.
The field of anaerobic microbiology is arguably developed to its current level by periodontal researchers and our treatment strategies are based on our understanding of the infectious nature of the disease. Users can purchase an ebook on diskette or cd, but the. The bacterial etiology of destructive periodontal disease. Download etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. It is a well established fact that the primary etiological agent in periodontal disease is bacterial plaque. Lang until the middle of the 20th century, the views on etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease were based on deductive thinking, primarily the interpretation of clinical and microscopic observations by renowned teachers and academicians. Inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of. Understanding the pathogenesis of a disease has direct impact on treatment strategies.
According to merriam websters collegiate dictionary, the word pathogenesis is defined as the origination and development of a disease. Oct 18, 2015 etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf by alexandrina l. Histopathology of periodontal disease periodontal pathogenesis histologic appearance clinically healthy inflamed periodontal and gingival tissue gingival tissue even in the gingival that appear clinically normal there is a chronic lowgrade challenge presented by subgingival plaque bacteria. Etiology of periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases flashcards quizlet. These are characterized histologically by acute inflammation, witb a significant increase in the number of neutrophils. Introduction pathogenesis is defined as the origination and development of a disease. Periodontal damage is almost certainly the direct consequence of colonization in the gingival sulcus by organisms within dental plaque. Understanding periodontal pathogenesis is key to improving management strategies for this common, complex disease. Periodontal diseases include a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that affect the supporting tissues of the periodontium, including bone, gingival tissue, and the periodontal ligament.
The biology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal. Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting. Yet, we are in the midst of a major paradigm shift in periodontology. The sulcus is deepened because of the increased bulk of the gingiva.
The etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Aug 14, 2011 etiology of periodontal disease plaque is the principal etiological factor in most all forms of periodontal disease. Some of the factors in the adult animal that play a major role in the development of periodontal diseases are discussed in this article, including overcrowding, malocclusions, diet, developmental defects, and metabolic and systemic disease. Muna s elburki 2018 he etiology and pathogenesis o periodontal isease k entistry. The toxins and enzymes produced by the bacterial plaque elicit inflammatory and. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases pubmed. He is a member of the iadr for more than 18 years and engaged in its scientific activities, including being the group programme chair of the periodontal research pathogenesis theme.
Biofilms that cause gingivitis and periodontitis are complex polymicrobial communities that are resistant to antimicrobial. Inflammation is a physiological response of the innate immune system against several endogenous or exogenous stimuli. Treatment involves good oral hygiene and regular professional teeth cleaning. The ecological interactions between the host and microbes determine the severity of the disease. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare. Aetiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease article in annals of the royal australasian college of dental surgeons 15. The first challenge is to understand exactly what is meant by the term pathogenesis. Periodontal disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases has greatly progressed over the past three decades. The disease progression model points to a periodic or episodic phenomenon, with periods of quiescence, when neither periodontal destruction occurs nor periods of exacerbation and destruction of the periodontal structures.
Jun 10, 2012 classification based on the disease activity. Download etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease or read online books in pdf, epub, tuebl, and mobi format. Connections between the diseases in the periodontium and general health are described in detail. Article pdf available july 2018 with 827 reads how we measure reads a read is counted each time someone views a publication summary. All significant aspects of periodontal pathogenesis are covered, including the roles. The implication of the paradigm shift outlined above is that periodontitis is an inflammatory disease. The understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease has changed significantly in the last five decades, not only with regards to the specific microorganisms associated with the onset and progression of the disease, but also the dramatically elevated emphasis on the primary role of the host response in the destruction of the periodontal tissues. The main etiologic factor of periodontal disease is bacteria which substantially harbor the human oral cavity. Nov 19, 2014 etiology of periodontal disease primary etiology initiating factors secondary etiology predisposing factors microbial effect host response local predisposing factor systemic predisposing factors 111111991144 oossssaammaa eellsshhaallll 1144 15. Pdf pathogenesis of periodontal disease researchgate. Theme 1 bacteria play a critical role in the etiology of periodontal disease niklaus p. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the periodontium and that bacteria are the primary etiology agents in periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a complex, multifactorial disease that occurs in periodontal tissue 8, and most studies on the causes of periodontal diseases have mainly focused on the dominant bacteria.
Etiology of periodontal disease download ebook pdf, epub. Pathogenesis of periodontal diseases free medical books. Jan 18, 2018 gingivitis is an inflammatory process limited to the mucosal epithelial tissue surrounding the cervical portion of the teeth and the alveolar processes. Pathogenesis of periodontal diseases pdf free download ebook description etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Periodontal disease involves hard and soft tissues 2. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf free. Multiple variables to consider tissue color changesswelling, loss of bone and supporting structures, degree of bleeding, probing depths. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease free. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease request pdf.
To download click on link in the links table below description. Epidemiology of periodontal disease linkedin slideshare. His research focus is on the microbial aetiology and inflammatory pathogenesis of oral diseases, with a particular orientation on periodontal, periimplant and. Gingivitis is modified by several factors including smoking, ion channel blocking drugs and hormonal changes such as those seen in puberty or pregnancy. This chapter details etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. It is a stepbystep process that leads to the development of a disease, resulting in a series of changes in the structure and function. Immunopathogenesis of periodontal diseaserecent studies. Current concepts 1 infectious agents causing periodontal diseases 2 periodontal disease.
Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Click download or read online button to get etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease book now. Aetiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease request pdf. New knowledge of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Pdf the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease request pdf.